Epidemiology common cause of revision arthroplasty primary joint replacement 0.5 - 2 % total knee replacement 0.3 - 1.3 % in total hip replacement Revision joint replacement 5 - 6 % I total knee arthroplasty 3 - 4 % in total hip arthroplasty BJJ prospective study 0.57% in hip replacement 0.86% in knee replacement Most common...
EPIDEMIOLOGY SCFE is a slippage oft he femoral neck epiphysis anteriorly and externally rotated through hypertrophic zone of physics. commonly seen in adolescent obese male Diagnosis can be confirmed with radiograph Treatment is usually in situ fixation RISK FACTORES Male to female 3:2 Obese Rapid growth period African American Acetabular retroversion and femoral...
Congenital talipes equinovarus deformity (CTEV) An idiopathic deformity of foot usually presents in Neonatal age. Not a packaging disorder Forefoot in adduction and supination and hind foot in equines and varus Most common birth defect 1:1000 caucasians and 3:1000 Polynesians, High prevalence in Hawaiians Male:female ratio 2:1 50% bilateral and...
Congenital vertical talus Fixed dislocation of talonavicular joint producing rigid flat foot deformity(convex foot deformity) Associated with neuromuscular disorder can be idiopathic clinically looks like calcaneovalgus but the deformity is at mid foot. components Fixed hind foot equinovalgus Rigid mod foot dorsiflexion Forefoot abduction and dorsiflexion PATHOANATOMY: Talus plantar flexed and the navicular articulates...
Common conditions CalcaneovalgusCongenital vertical talusClub foot. (CTEV)Increased femoral anti versionInternal tibial torsionMetatarsal adductusout-toeing Toe walking Calcaneovalgus Common acquired condition as a result of intrauterine positioning of foetus.Characterized by hind foot dorsiflexion and eversion with spasticity of dorsiflexors and evertors whereas weakness of plantar flexors and invertorsTreatment is usually...
Aim of THR Restore centre of rotationCorrect leg lengthCorrect offsetProper component positioning Indication primary Osteoarthritis of hip age related degenerative osteoarthritisSecondary osteoarthritisSPA ( Ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis)Rheumatoid arthritisAvascular necrosis of femoral headprolonged high dose steroid intakeCaisons diseasepost traumatic osteoarthritis of hip ( acetabular fracture, neck of femur fracture) Implant...
Causes of anterior knee pain Lateral patella compressionOsgood schlatters diseasePlica syndromePatella tendinosisSinding Larsen Johansson syndromeShin splintsSemimembranosus tendinitisITB friction syndromeChronic compartment syndromePopliteal artery entrapment syndromeHoffa syndrome( fat pad impingement)Referred painBipartite patella Chronic exertion compartment syndrome exercise induced leg pain characterized by reversible ischeamia of muscles in the particular compartment.2nd...
Lateral patella compression syndrome Maltracking of patella due to tight lateral retinaculumExcessive lateral patellar tiltTreatment is usually physiotherapy and stretching exercises Causes MechanicalTight lateral retinaculum leading to excessive lateral patellar tilt and mobility.Increased femoral anti-versionGenu valgumExternal tibial torsion/ Pronated foot Clinical features Pain on climbing stairsTheatre sign( pain on prolonged...
Pathophysiology Mechanismnon contact twisting injury to extended and externally rotated. Osteochonral fracture happens while patellar relocation.Direct blow due to collision on the side of knee Anatomy Static stabilizersMPFL ( Medial patella femoral ligament)Patellar boney confirmityDynamic stabilizervastus medialis Epidemiology Risk factorsMarfans syndromeEhlers-Danlos syndromeexternal tibial torsionFemoral antiversion increasedGenu valgumIncreased Q anglepatella altaTrochlear...
Unicompartmental knee replacement is a surgical option for isolated medial or lateral compartment osteoarthritis or isolated patelofemoral arthritis. Results of UKA are better than high tibial osteotomy, recovery is quicker and rehabilitation is faster. Knee kinematics is better retained with UKA than TKR(TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT). unicondylar...